What is Reverse Osmosis (R/O)?

Reverse Osmosis is a seperation process wich enduse pressure to force water through a semi-permeable membrane that holds the contaminants on one side and allows the pure water to pass to the other side.  The water with the contaminants is flushced out while the purified water is stored in an acumulator tank as shown below.

The density of the revese osmosis membrane is 0.0001 micron (0.000 0001mm), which makes reverse osmosis the finest form of water purification known to man.

How does a R/O system work?

The R/O water pruification system works in 5 stages to prepare safe, healthy water.  The 5 stages are as follows:

directional flow of RO module

STAGE 1
The first stage is the sediment filter, this filter's purpose is to remove all dirt, rust, sand, silt in our water.  This sediment can affect the appearance and taste of the water.

STAGE 2
The second stage is the carbon filter, this filter removes contaminants such as chlorine and bad odors out of the water.

STAGE 3
The third stage is the post carbon filter, this filter removes more impurities out of the water for example chlorine.

STAGE 4
The fourth stage is the R/O membrane, this membrane dencity is 0.0001 micron, this only allow clear water through and discard all the other contaminants to a flush point.

The table below explains the effectiveness of the R/O membrane on removal of unwanted contaminants.

PERCENTAGE REMOVAL:-

Sodium between 85% - 94%
Sulphate between 96% - 98%
Calcium between 94% - 98%
Potassium between 85% - 95%
Nitrate between 60% - 75%
Iron between 94% - 98%
Zinc between 95% - 98%
Mercury between 95% - 98%
Selenium between 94% - 96%
Phosphate between 96% - 98%
Lead between 95% - 98%
Arsenic between 92% - 96%
Magnesium between 94% - 98%
Nickel between 96% - 98%
Fluoride between 85% - 92%
Manganese between 94% - 98%
Cadmium between 95% - 98%
Barium between 95% - 98%
Cyanide between 84% - 92%
Chloride between 85% - 92%

(Percentages may vary due to water pressure, tema dn TDS)

STAGE 5
Stage 5 is the final filter and is known as the GAC filter (Granular Activated Carbon).  This filter is responsible for polising the water to chrystal clarity.

With the combination of these 5 stages the result is the cleanest drinking water with 99.95% less contaminants than normal tap water.